In the transport sector, the volume of the cargo transported is as important as its weight. Therefore, the minimum weights in cubic meters according to the type of transport are indicated in the table below.
TRANSPORTATION MODE |
BASE |
MINIMUM WEIGHT |
| AIR | 1 m3 | 167 kg |
| TRUCK AND AIR | 1 m3 | 167 kg |
| ROAD | 1 m3 | 333 kg |
| SEA AND OCEAN | 1 m3 | 1000 kg |
| L = Length in meter W = Width in meter, H = Height in meter, m3 = volume in cubic meter |
| TYPE DE CAMION |
L |
W |
H |
m3 |
IMAGE | |
| AWNING TRUCK |
13.60 |
2.42 |
2.40 |
79 |
 |
|
|
13.60 |
2.42 |
2.60 |
86 |
|||
| JUMBO TRUCK |
3.10 |
2.42 |
2.55 |
79
|
 |
|
|
9.10 |
2.42 |
2.75 |
||||
|
3.50 |
2.42 |
2.45 |
83 |
|||
|
8.70 |
2.42 |
2.95 |
||||
| OPTIMA TRUCK |
6.20
|
2.42 | 2.50 |  |
||
|
8.30
|
2.42 | 2.50 | 87 | |||
| JUMBO OPTIMA TRUCK |
7.80 |
2.44 |
2.85 |
110 |
 |
|
|
8.10 |
2.44 |
2.85 |
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| OPEN TRUCK |
upto 18 |
2.44 |
– |
– |
 |
|
| DUMP TRUCK |
– |
– |
– |
upto 25 |
 |
|
| JUMBO OPEN TRUCK |
upto 18 |
2.44 |
– |
– |
 |
|
| LOWBED TRUCK |
– |
– |
– |
– |
 |
|
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Incoterms 2010 in Turkish language
The seventh revised version of the Incoterms clauses of the International Chamber of Commerce was published in late September. This revised version takes into account new applications in commerce and transport. Incoterms regulate the distribution of transport costs, risk transfers and details of activities in national and international sales transactions. The obligations of buyers and sellers are clearly described for each clause with a 10-point diagram, and illustrated explanations are added to facilitate the selection of the right Incoterm. Application notes were found before each clause and the basic content was summarized.
Incoterms are not a law, but an agreement must be concluded between the buyer and the seller in addition to the sales contract. It comes into force if it is fully agreed between the buyer and the seller. The legal and special provisions of certain contracts between the parties prevail over the Incoterms.
DSLV commentary; under certain conditions (ex: EXW), export customs clearance procedures, obtaining an export license, etc. the buyer must provide. However, as a general rule, in accordance with customs and foreign trade laws, sellers and exporters are responsible for this. In this regard, the buyer’s obligation does not apply.
The agreement on an Incoterms clause should be as follows:
3-letter abbreviation / clear description of the site / Incoterm status (no date on which the old Incoterms were repealed) Example: FCA Bonn, Factory II, Address Example 7, ICC Incoterms 2010
An overview of the changes:
In the Incoterms 2010 (revised), the number of conditions increased from 13 to 11.
New clauses
Four conditions have been repealed, but 2 new clauses have been created: DAP (Delivered At Place-Delivery) and DAT (Delivered At Terminal-Delivery) have replaced DAF, DES, DEQ and DDU and can be applied in any mode of transport.
The DAT clause means that the goods are delivered to the buyer at destination to be unloaded by the means of transport, replacing the previous DEQ clause and, unlike DEQ, multimodal (for multi-vehicle) can be used.
The DAP clause means that the goods are delivered to the buyer at a specific time to be unloaded by the transport vehicle. DAP replaces the previous DAF, DES and DDU.
In both cases, the seller bears the costs of transporting the goods to the designated place / the risk of damage linked to the terminal.
New clause structure
The innovations in the 2010 Incoterms include the segmentation of seven multimodals, which can be applied to all modes of transport, and four clauses which can only be applied to maritime transport.
Clauses concerning all modes of transport:
EXW – Ex Works
FCA – Free Carrier. The exporter clears the goods for export and delivers them to the transporter
CPT – Carriage Paid To
CIP – Cost Insurance and Freight
DAT – Delivered at Terminal
DAP – Delivered at Place
DDP – Delivered Duty Paid
Sea transport clauses:
FAS – Free Alongside Ship – Free delivery alongside the ship
FOB – Free On Board- Free delivery on board
CFR – Cost and Freight – Cost and Freight Paid
CIF – Cost, Insurance and Freight – Cost, insurance and freight paid
In terms of risk transfer, FOB, CFR and CIF have also been modernized. Provided that the ship has not passed the ship’s rail, the seller was responsible for all damage and loss of the goods. The transfer of risk with the new Incoterms 2010 takes place only after the goods have been correctly loaded onto the ship.
Security enters the Incoterms
Preventing terrorist attacks in the international transport chain has long been a central issue. Incoterms 2010, taking into account current events, adding additional specifications to certain clauses (A2 / B2 or A10 / B10 at certain points), to determine which party will bear the costs related to security measures.
Insurance
Only the terms CIF and CIP stipulate that the seller must insure the goods. The seller must provide an insurance policy against losses and losses that the buyer will suffer during the transport of the goods. Under the CIF and CIP conditions, the buyer must know that the seller is obliged to take out multi-risk insurance with minimum cover. The reason is that minimal coverage is possible, especially for bulk goods. The customer must comply with more comprehensive insurance regulations.
20 ′ DC / 40 ′ DC
Although these containers are called “dry van” or “standard” in some commercial correspondence, the term “general use” is more appropriate. In accordance with international use, the external dimensions are fixed in terms of length and width; it is their height that varies. It has two doors and only one can be opened to the outside. When the container door is closed, the container becomes waterproof and airproof. The material used in the manufacture of the containers is chosen according to the capacity and the load volume. Generally, steel and aluminum are used. Steel containers have a lower loading capacity because steel is a heavier material.
20 ′ OT / 40 ′ OT
It is a general-purpose container, typical from the point of view of measurements (length and width); its specificity is that it does not have a “fixed roof”. It is used in cases where long / wide loads that cannot pass through the door, can be placed from the open top of the container, usually using a crane. Most of the time, it is used to transport machines, marble sheets, aluminum profiles, etc. Open-top containers are often used for loads that exceed the dimensions of conventional containers, which are covered with a tarpaulin after loading. Its base is slightly thicker for transporting heavy loads, and since they carry exceptional loads, a supplement is usually added to the freight.
Flat Rack 20 ‘/ Flat Rack 40’ / Retractable Flat Rack 40 ‘
Also called “flat”, this type of container has only two sides (top and two other sides are open). Sometimes both heads can be removed. Many additional charges can be added to freight due to its ability to transport out of gauge goods. The bottom of the container is very thick.
40 ′ High Cube / 45 ′ High Cube
This type of container is used to transport relatively light but high volume goods. Their height is 30 cm more than the normal 40 ′ container.
40 ′ Reefer / 40 ′ High Cube Reefer / 45 ′ High Cube Reefer
This type of container is used in the transport of food products; a cooling unit that works with an electric or diesel engine is installed in the container.
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| * Since 1999, the maximum gross weight for 20 ′ containers is 30,480 kg.
* Since 2002, the maximum gross weight for 40 ′, 40 ′ HC and 45 containers is 32,500 kg. |
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As Esalco Logistics, since the beginning of our operations in 2011, our job consists in carrying a product or raw material from one point to another. It may sound simple, but we love the depth behind the simple appearance of logistics. In fact, through each product or raw material that we carry we deliver freedom, time, happiness, technology, well-being, inspiration, colorful discoveries, and the little pleasures of life.
