INFOS - Esalco

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With the increase in the world population, globalization and technological developments, the volume of international trade has grown and increased in importance compared to previous years. This situation has increased the importance of the rules for international trade, which should already be clear. It is essential to clarify issues such as where the goods considered within the scope of international trade will be delivered, who will bear the costs arising from this trade or how they will be shared between the parties, how the insurance and transportation contracts of the goods in question in the commercial activity will be made, before the parties involved in the trade.

In order to clearly outline these issues without causing any controversy, the ICC (International Chamber of Commerce) uses an internationally recognized list of rules, called INCOTERMS (International Commercial Terms), which sets out the obligations between the buyer and seller in commercial activities. First published by the ICC in 1936, INCOTERMS was last updated on January 1, 2020. The INCOTERMS provides us with the rules to be followed in international trade and provides guidance in the event of an impasse, but it is not an international law and compliance with the rules does not constitute a legal obligation. Of course, in all commercial activities, it is possible for the parties to the trade to regulate the commercial rules among themselves, independent of the ICC. However, the main purpose of the ICC is to provide a solid basis that can be referred to in banking transactions or mutually signed contracts needed in international trade. In this way, it is also to facilitate the resolution of disputes that may arise.

FCA(Free Carrier) Terms

According to INCOTERMS published on January 1, 2020, there are 11 different modes of delivery defined in international trade. These modes of delivery are divided into rules covering all modes of transportation and rules covering only maritime and in-water transportation.

The rules and brief explanations covering all types of transportation are as follows:

  1. EXW (Ex Works): Delivery in a commercial enterprise
  2. FCA (Free Carrier): Delivery to the carrier at the designated place
  3. CPT (Carriage Paid To): Delivery with transportation fee paid
  4. CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To): Delivery with transportation and insurance paid
  5. DDP (Delivered Duty Paid): Delivery with customs duties paid
  6. DAP (Delivered at Place): Delivery at the designated point
  7. DAT (Delivered at Terminal): Delivery at the terminal

The rules used in maritime transportation and inland waterway and their brief explanations are as follows:

  1. FAS (Free Alongside Ship): Delivery alongside the ship
  2. FOB (Free on Board): Delivery on board the ship
  3. CFR (Cost and Freight): Freight paid delivery
  4. CIF (Cost, Insurance, Freight): Delivery with insurance, expenses and freight paid.

fca terms

The part of INCOTERMS rules that is the subject of this article is Free Carrier, abbreviated as FCA. In the Free Carrier form of delivery, the seller, who is the exporter, completes all customs procedures and delivers the goods to the first carrier at the predetermined date and place, thereby fulfilling its part of the responsibility. Upon delivery, all responsibility and risk for the goods is transferred to the buyer. From this moment on, all costs related to the goods, insurance, agency and freight expenses are now the responsibility of the buyer.

Basic Responsibilities of the Seller in FCA: The seller prepares the goods according to the terms of the mutually signed contract, issues all documents to be requested in the country where it is located and pays the customs costs of the goods. The Seller delivers the ready goods on the predetermined date to the predetermined point. Until the delivery takes place, all costs and all possible risks belong to the seller. After delivery, all responsibility passes to the buyer.

Basic Responsibilities of the Buyer in FCA: The buyer pays the full price of the goods in accordance with the contract signed with the seller. It obtains all the necessary permits and collects all the documents required for importation and pays the customs duties and other costs to which the goods are subject. By making an agreement with the logistics company, it covers the freight cost of the goods. Then, it receives the goods at the predetermined place and date in accordance with the contract. In this way, it takes over all responsibility and risks related to the goods from the seller.

After this stage, the buyer makes an agreement with a logistics company for the transportation of its goods. Considering the type of goods, the destination and other factors, the logistics planning of the goods is carried out using one or more of the following logistics services: air transportation, road transportation, maritime transportation, river or railway logistics services. The buyer company makes an agreement with a logistics company that can manage this entire logistics process.

Main Responsibilities of the Logistics Company in FCA: In the FCA mode of delivery, the responsibility of the company that will manage the logistics processes starts in a limited way with the receipt of the goods from the designated location. There may be a contract between the logistics management company and the seller. After the logistics company receives the goods from the designated location, it collects all costs, insurance, agency fees and freight expenses from the buyer.


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The importance of international logistics in the globalizing world is increasing day by day. Both countries and multinational companies see the importance of investing in logistics strategies more and more every day.


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CLASS 1
EXPLOSIVES

They should be stacked on the ship away from the personnel area and the boat hull, just below the hatch covers.
Substances included in this class:
Black powder, firecrackers, smoke bombs, ammunition, dynamite, etc.

Denizyolu parsiyel servis

CLASS 2
GASES 

SUBCLASS 2.1
FLAMMABLE GAS
 Must be stacked away from any heat source and all personnel areas.
Substances included in this class:
Acetylene, ethane, ethylene, methane, hydrogen, lighter gas, etc.

Gümrüklü depolama hizmetleri

CLASS 2.2
TOXIC GASES :

They should be stacked away from all kinds of heat sources, the staff area and food.
Substances included in this class:
Ammonia, fluorine, prussic acid, chlorite, carbon monoxide, etc.

Gümrüklü depolama hizmetleri

CLASS 2.3
NON-FLAMMABLE COMPRESSED GAS :

Must be stored in a cool, well-ventilated place on or under the deck. The tubes filled with these gases expand when they receive heat, which is very dangerous because it causes explosions.
Substances included in this class:
Argon, helium, carbon dioxide, air gas, oxygen, etc.

Gümrüklü depolama hizmetleri

CLASS 3
FLAMMABLE LIQUID

They are divided into 3 subgroups according to the combustion point of the evaporated gas released in the event of heating.
SUBCLASS 3.1
FUEL: The combustion point is less than 18O C. It must always be stacked on deck.
SUBCLASS 3.2
DIESEL: The combustion point is between 18OC and 23OC. It should be stacked on or under the bridge.
SUBCLASS 3.3
DIESEL: The combustion point is between 23OC and 61OC. It should be stacked under the bridge.

Gümrüksüz depolama hizmetleri

CLASS 4
GASES

SUBCLASS 4.1
FLAMMABLE SOLIDS:
Must be stacked on deck or under deck. They must be kept away from the accommodation. Substances included in this class: Aluminum powder, celluloid, naphthalene, red phosphorus, films, naphtha oil, dry fibers, etc.

Gümrüksüz depolama hizmetleri

SUBCLASS 4.2
SUBSTANCES LIABLE TO SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION :
 it should be stacked in well-ventilated areas and the batteries should be shaped to allow air circulation.
Substances included in this class:
Copra, fish meal, dried grass, charcoal, etc.

Gümrüksüz depolama hizmetleri

SUBCLASS 4.3
SUBSTANCES WHICH, IN CONTACT WITH WATER, EMMIT FLAMMABLE GASES:when they come into contact with water these solids give off flammable gases. They should be kept in dry, well-ventilated places and contact with water should be avoided at all costs.
Substances included in this class:
Alkali alloys, barium, carbide, ferrosilicon, natrium, magnesium, etc.

Gümrüksüz depolama hizmetleri

CLASS 5
OXIDIZING SUBSTANCES AND ORGANIC PEROXIDES
SUBCLASS 5.1
OXIDIZING SUBSTANCES:
Substances in this class create an environment that facilitates combustion by releasing oxygen. Due to these properties, they should not be stacked next to flammable materials.
Substances included in this class:
Nitrate, artificial fertilizer, ammonium sulfate, barium chlorate, etc.

Gümrüksüz depolama hizmetleri

SUBCLASS 5.2
ORGANIC PEROXIDES:
Substances included in this class may be flammable or explosive. They must be placed in a dry and cool place, covered on the deck.
Substances included in this class:
All peroxides are included in this class.

Proje Taşımacılığı

CLASS 6
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
SUBCLASS 6.1
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic substances can enter the human body orally and be fatal. For this reason, they should be stacked away from food, drink, living quarters and moisture-releasing substances such as tobacco.
Substances included in this class:
Arsenic, aniline, barium oxide, phenol, nicotine, lead, cyanide, mercury products, etc.

Proje Taşımacılığı

SUBCLASS 6.2
INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES :
These substances cause disease because they contain microbes. They should be stacked away from food, drink and living places. The nearest health authority should be informed in dangerous situations. Our company often prefers the transport of live animals.
Substances included in this class:
Bones, bone oil, compressed meat scraps, animal skin, blood powder, etc.

Proje Taşımacılığı

CLASS 7
RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL
These substances are transported in special containers. The containers must be absolutely intact. They should preferably be stacked on deck, away from staff, food, unwashed films, medicines and chemicals. They are divided into 3 groups in terms of degrees of activity.

Reefer konteyner taşımacılığı


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Consolidation has become compulsory with the increase in the volume of trade and global commercial mobility. Options for partial and full loading of ocean freight are offered by international logistics services, for situations where the load cannot fill an entire container.

Full container load (FCL): If the load to be transported is large enough, a full load (FCL) is carried out. In this case, a contract can be concluded with the owner company for specific periods. When FCL freight arrives at the port, the freight owner company can transfer the container to its warehouse or use the bonded and duty-free storage services offered by Esalco.

Partial ocean freight service (LCL- Less than Container Load): If the load does not fill a container, partial loading (LCL) is carried out; the load of two or more companies is in the same container. When the container reaches the port, customs clearance is carried out by the buyers.

FCL / LCL: The load of two or more exporters is loaded into a container belonging to a single importer.

LCL / FCL: The load of a single exporter is loaded into a container belonging to several importers.

FCL / FCL: This is the situation where the full load of the container is an exporter and an importer.

LCL / LCL: This is the situation where the partial load loaded in the container is an exporter and an importer.


Esalco Logo

As Esalco Logistics, since the beginning of our operations in 2011, our job consists in carrying a product or raw material from one point to another. It may sound simple, but we love the depth behind the simple appearance of logistics. In fact, through each product or raw material that we carry we deliver freedom, time, happiness, technology, well-being, inspiration, colorful discoveries, and the little pleasures of life.

CONTACT US

Head Office: Altunizade Mah. Mahir İz Cad. B Blok No: 9/1B İç Kapı No: 7 Üsküdar / İstanbul

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BR: Cinarli Mah. Sehit FEthi Sekin Cad, No.3 Sunucu Plaza Bblok K9 /901 35170 Bayrakli / IZMIR

BR : Güvenevler Mah. 1928 Sok. Ekinci Global İş Merkezi Sitesi K.14 No:5/25 Yenişehir – MERSİN.

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BR: Istanbul Havalimani Kargo Terminali Tayakadin Mah Nuri Demirdag Cad Bina no:33 ic

BR: 1 rue de la Haye, 93290 Tremblay En France Paris/France
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